en علوم پایه پزشکی Basic Medical Sciences تحقیقی Original article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> Second-degree burns present significant therapeutic challenges because of prolonged inflammation and impaired regeneration. This study compared the healing efficacy of an Artemisia sieberi essential oil nanoemulsion with that of conventional Alpha ointment by assessing morphological indices and cytokine gene expression in a rat model.<br> <b>Methods:</b> In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control, Alpha ointment, and Artemisia nanoemulsion groups. Following the induction of standardized second-degree thermal burns, healing was monitored over 21 days. Wound surface area was measured macroscopically, whereas histopathological architecture, including re-epithelialization and collagen deposition, was assessed using H&E staining. Furthermore, the expression levels of IL-6, TNF-&alpha;, and IL-10 in healed tissues were quantified using RT-qPCR. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey&rsquo;s post-hoc test (P<span lang="en-AS">- Value </span><0.05).<br> <b>Results:</b> By day 21, the Artemisia nanoemulsion group exhibited a significantly higher wound-contraction rate than the Alpha and control groups (P<0.001). Histopathological examination confirmed superior re-epithelialization and organized fibroblast proliferation in nanoemulsion-treated tissues. At the molecular level, this treatment induced significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-&alpha;) and marked upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), demonstrating greater efficacy than Alpha ointment in modulating the local immune response.<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: Artemisia sieberi nanoemulsion effectively accelerates burn healing by suppressing inflammation and promoting tissue remodeling, thereby representing a promising therapeutic agent for the clinical management of burns.</span></span></div> Burns, Nanoemulsion (NB-201 nanoemulsion [Supplementary Concept]), Cytokines, Wound Healing, Artemisia Sieberi 0 0 http://goums.ac.ir/jorjanijournal/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1121-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahziar Keshvad ghasemian191@gmail.com 100319475328460011025 0009-0000-1651-5728 No Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sho.C., Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran Seyyed Morteza Razaghi Manesh morteza_vet@yahoo.com 100319475328460011026 0009-0009-9421-773X Yes Department of Veterinary Medicine, Sho.C., Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran Seyedeh Ommolbanin Ghasemian 100319475328460011027 100319475328460011027 No Department of Veterinary Medicine, Be.C., Islamic Azad University, Behbahan, Iran